CWE-74 输出中的特殊元素转义处理不恰当（注入）

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')

结构: Simple

Abstraction: Class

状态: Incomplete

被利用可能性: High

基本描述

The software constructs all or part of a command, data structure, or record using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify how it is parsed or interpreted when it is sent to a downstream component.

扩展描述

Software has certain assumptions about what constitutes data and control respectively. It is the lack of verification of these assumptions for user-controlled input that leads to injection problems. Injection problems encompass a wide variety of issues -- all mitigated in very different ways and usually attempted in order to alter the control flow of the process. For this reason, the most effective way to discuss these weaknesses is to note the distinct features which classify them as injection weaknesses. The most important issue to note is that all injection problems share one thing in common -- i.e., they allow for the injection of control plane data into the user-controlled data plane. This means that the execution of the process may be altered by sending code in through legitimate data channels, using no other mechanism. While buffer overflows, and many other flaws, involve the use of some further issue to gain execution, injection problems need only for the data to be parsed. The most classic instantiations of this category of weakness are SQL injection and format string vulnerabilities.

适用平台

Language: {'cwe_Class': 'Language-Independent', 'cwe_Prevalence': 'Undetermined'}

常见的影响

范围	影响	注释
Confidentiality	Read Application Data	Many injection attacks involve the disclosure of important information -- in terms of both data sensitivity and usefulness in further exploitation.
Access Control	Bypass Protection Mechanism	In some cases, injectable code controls authentication; this may lead to a remote vulnerability.
Other	Alter Execution Logic	Injection attacks are characterized by the ability to significantly change the flow of a given process, and in some cases, to the execution of arbitrary code.
['Integrity', 'Other']	Other	Data injection attacks lead to loss of data integrity in nearly all cases as the control-plane data injected is always incidental to data recall or writing.
Non-Repudiation	Hide Activities	Often the actions performed by injected control code are unlogged.

可能的缓解方案

Requirements

策略:

Programming languages and supporting technologies might be chosen which are not subject to these issues.

Implementation

策略:

Utilize an appropriate mix of whitelist and blacklist parsing to filter control-plane syntax from all input.

Notes

分类映射

映射的分类名	ImNode ID	Fit	Mapped Node Name
CLASP			Injection problem ('data' used as something else)
OWASP Top Ten 2004	A6	CWE More Specific	Injection Flaws
Software Fault Patterns	SFP24		Tainted input to command

VULHUB ™